Nominal versus Seasonal eciency
Nominal efficiency gives an indication on how efficient an air conditioner is when operating in a nominal condition.
Seasonal efficiency gives an indication on how efficient an air conditioner is when operating over an entire cooling or heating season.
1 Temperature
condition:
35°C for cooling
7°C for heating
Does not often occur
in reality
NOMINAL SEASONAL
Several rating
temperatures
for cooling and
heating, reflecting
actual performance
over an entire season
Temperature
CAPACITY
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
0
6
0
7
0
8
0
9
0
1
0
0
NOMINAL SEASONAL
Does not reflect
partial capacity
Benefits of inverter
technology not visible
Integrates operation at
partial instead of full
capacity
Benets of inverter
technology are shown
Capacity
NOMINAL SEASONAL
Does not take
auxiliary power
modes into account
Includes consumption
auxiliary modes:
• Thermostat off
• Standby mode
• OFF mode
• Crankcase heater
Auxiliary modes
Measuring real-life performance
Customers need access to a common set of performance data to enable them to make accurate and informed comparisons between
climate control systems and thus make their choice of which system to buy. To ensure that objective performance metrics are used and
presented in a consistent manner, the EU currently uses the ‘nominal efficiency’ ratio (EER) but this results in a significant gap between
announced performance and what is actually achieved and so a more accurate method – the ‘seasonal efficiency’ ratio (SEER) – has been
developed. The major changes include:
• the integration of several rating temperatures for cooling and heating.
• the inclusion of energy use at part-load as well as full-load.
• the power used in auxiliary and standby modes.
Since most systems operate under a partial load the majority of the time, the new methodology gives a better indication of expected
real-life performance.
Seasonal eciency … in more detail
With its 20/20/20 energy policy, Europe has set ambitious targets for energy efficiency and environmental impact and is seeking 20% less
CO
2
produced, 20% more renewable energy used and 20% less primary energy consumed by 2020. Industry is now looking at more
appropriate ways of evaluating energy efficiency and, in their effort to reduce the global warming effect, they’ve set up the 20-20-20 plan,
the goals of which are:
To help achieve these targets, an Energy Related Products (ERP) Directive has been introduced and this specifies minimum eco-design
requirements, such as improved energy efficiency, that must be integrated into energy-using products. For climate control systems, the
energy efficiency must be measured across the whole operating spectrum and this will be presented as the ‘seasonal efficiency’.
Seasonal efficiency is a more accurate measurement of the real-life energy efficiency of systems and will be the standard as from 2013.
CO
2
EMISSIONS
vs. 1990
Share of
RENEWABLE ENERGY
PRIMARY ENERGY USE
vs. BAU*
By the year
2020
C0
2
-20% +20%
-20%
*Business As Usual
European action plan
20/20/20
• 20% reduction CO
2
emissions.
• 20% improvement in energy efficiency.
• 20% reduction in primary energy use (vs. Business As Usual).
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